室内外温差对某车间混凝土排架的力学影响

利用有限元分析软件ANSYS7．1，对某车间钢筋混凝土排架在室内外温差作用下的力学反应进行了分析，提出了解决温度荷载带来的应力问题的两种方法，有效确保了结构的安全。     

类矩形盾构施工对地下管线影响的模型试验研究

类矩形盾构隧道开挖使土体以不均匀沉降形式作用于地下管线,导致管线产生纵向变形、破坏。针对类矩形盾构隧道施工,采用室内缩尺寸模型试验,综合考虑管隧相对位置、管线埋深及土体损失率3个影响因素,研究类矩形盾构隧道在砂土地层中施工,地下管线沉降、变形及地表沉降的规律变化。研究结果表明:管隧垂直工况时,管线竖向位移曲线呈高斯分布,竖线位移反弯点出现在隧道轴线附近处,管线弯矩呈"M"型分布,最大竖向位移及弯矩位于隧道轴线正上方;管隧斜交工况所受影响比管隧垂直工况影响更大;管线埋深越大,管线受影响程度越深;管线竖向位移随土体损失率减小相应降低,隧道轴线正上方管线竖向位移与管线最大正弯矩及两个较大负弯矩减小幅度较大,管线两端受影响程度较小;地表沉降受土体损失影响较大,沉降值比管线大。     

理想风水格局村落的生态物理环境计算机分析

我国传统村落在人居环境营造方面具有丰富而优秀的经验与做法,值得今人研究与借鉴。本文利用计算机技术和计算流体力学理论,对理想风水格局村落的生态物理环境进行了模拟计算分析,结果表明理想风水选址模式下的村落的确具有优良的环境品质。     

螺旋升流式反应器的流态特性及流动模型研究

通过示踪试验以及计算流体力学软件Phoenics3．6对SUFR系统单元反应器的流态特性以及流动模型进行了研究。结果表明，SUFR反应器兼有推流与全混流的特点；SUFR单元反应器内的水流以螺旋方式行进，有助于反应器形成推流特征；SUFR单元反应器内的流动模型可以看作8个单元反应器串联而成，其中推流单元反应器与全混流反应器间隔排列，推流流态的容积占有率约为63％，其推流特征较为明显。     

Stability assessment of the Three-Gorges Dam foundation, China, using physical and numerical modeling—Part I: physical model tests

Foundation stability is one of the most important factors influencing the safety of a concrete dam and has been one of the key technical problems in the design of the Three-Gorges Project. The major difficulties lie in two facts. The first one is that the dam foundation consists of rock blocks, with joints and so-called ‘rock bridges’ and the gently dipping joints play a critical role in the foundation stability against sliding. The second one is that, even in the regions where the gently dipping fractures are most developed, there are no through-going sliding paths in the rock mass due to the existence of the rock bridges; so the dam could slide only if some of the rock bridges fail, so as to create at least one through-going sliding path. To date, due to unavoidable shortcomings in physical and numerical modeling techniques, there is not a single satisfactory method to solve the problem completely. For this reason, the integration of multiple methods was adopted in this study and proved to be an effective and reliable approach.This Part I paper describes work based on the results of geological investigations and mechanical tests, relating to the geological and geomechanical models of the Three-Gorges Dam, and then a systematic study procedure was developed to carry out the stability assessment project. Then, 2D and 3D physical model tests for some critical dam sections were performed. In the physical tests, based on similarity theory, various testing materials were selected to simulate the rock, concrete, fracture and rock bridge. The loading and boundary conditions were also modeled to meet the similarity requirements. The failure mechanism was derived through a progressive overloading that simulated the upstream hydrostatic pressure applied to the dam, and the factor of safety was defined as the ratio between the maximum external load inducing the start of sliding instability of the dam foundation and the upstream hydrostatic load. The experimental results indicated that the stability of the Three-Gorges Dam foundation satisfies the safety requirements. Nevertheless, further discussions demonstrated that because of the incomplete definition of factor of safety adopted in the physical model tests, it is also essential to study the stability of the Three-Gorges Dam foundation using numerical modeling, which will be presented in the companion Part II paper.     

“天人合一”整体观对中国传统风景 园林的影响

易学是中国哲学之源，与风景园林统一于象数范畴。象主要体现在易学的卦象爻象、风景园林的要素空间和地理的气形布局等方面；数主要体现在太极、两仪、四象、八卦的数理逻辑方面。易学体用兼具，“体”指易学的理论经典，“用”指风景园林设计中的应用。“体”“用”结合，首先表现为景点题名的易学典故，其次表现为象天法地和呼象喝形的要素形态，再次表现为四正四隅的八卦布局，从次表现为利害吉凶的评价标准，最后表现为易学的审美方法。由此可见，风景园林以易学为原理进行设计，可以顺应自然的象数本质，体现“天人合一”的思想。     

磁流变阻尼器在土木工程中的应用

简要地介绍了磁流变液的材料特性和磁流变阻尼器的几种力学模型,阐述了其在土木工程结构减震等智能控制方面的应用。     

FRP加固钢筋混凝土受弯构件裂缝计算模式

本文主要讨论了外贴FRP加固钢筋混凝土梁的开裂性能,对我国现行钢筋混凝土设计规范GB50010-2002中的裂缝计算公式进行了适当的修正,提出了适用于加固构件的裂缝计算模型,该模型考虑了钢筋—混凝土和FRP—混凝土界面间粘结力的影响。文中对裂缝间距和裂缝宽度的模型预测结果和试验结果进行了比较,对比结果表明文中提出的计算模型是合理的。     

持续荷载下混凝土抗压强度的时效模型

从现有混凝土棱柱体单调加栽的应力-应变全曲线和混凝土徐变计算模型出发，综合考虑持续荷载下混凝土抗压强度的徐变衰减效应和龄期增强效应，构建混凝土抗压时效强度的估算模型并编制了相应的计算机程序。通过对C20、C30和C40混凝土在持续荷载下多个性能指标及其变化规律进行计算分析，并与以往试验观察数据和有限元数值分析结果进行比较，验证了模型的合理性和实用性。     

缩尺模型技术在厅堂音质设计中的应用

缩尺模型技术发展至今已有68年的历史，该技术广泛地应用于厅堂音质设计和预测方面，具有不可替代的作用，在论述缩尺模型的基本原理的基础上，探讨了缩尺模型实验技术的新进展和实现可听化的方法。